Coronavirus;Covid-19 symptoms and precautions

Be ready to fight with covid-19

Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. Coronaviruses were first discovered in the 1960s.Human to human transmission of coronaviruses is primarily thought to occur among close contacts via respiratory droplets generated by sneezing and coughing. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that are typically mild, such as some cases of the common cold , though rarer forms can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. 

The earliest ones discovered were infectious bronchitis virus in chickens and two viruses from the nasal cavities of human patients with the common cold that were subsequently named human coronavirus 229E and human coronavirus OC43.Symptoms vary in other species: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. The polyprotein has its own proteases which cleave the polyprotein into multiple nonstructural proteinsThere are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections. The host ribosome translates the initial overlapping open reading frame of the virus genome and forms a long polyprotein. Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria. The coronavirus RNA genome has a 5′ methylated cap and a 3′ polyadenylated tail, which allows the RNA to attach to the host cell's ribosome for translation.

They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry. After entry into the host cell, the virus particle is uncoated, and its genome enters the cell cytoplasm.The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 27 to 34 kilobases, the largest among known RNA viruses. The characteristic appearance reminiscent of a crown or a solar corona around the virions (virus particles) when viewed under two-dimensional transmission electron microscopy, due to the surface covering in club-shaped protein spikes.

SYMPTOMS INCLUDE

•        Fatigue
•     sneezing
•        cough
•     fever in rare cases
•         exacerbated asthma
•     runny nose
•     sore throat

PRECAUTION

Wash your hands frequently

Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.

Stay informed and follow advice given by your healthcare provider

Stay updated on the latest developments about COVID-19. Follow advice given by your health departments, your national and local public health authority or your employer on how to protect yourself and others from COVID-19

Maintain social distancing

Maintain at least 1 metre  distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing.

Practice respiratory hygiene

Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze.

Stay home if you feel unwell.

If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in advance. Follow the directions of your local health authority.

Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth

Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses. Once contaminated, hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.

                                                                                             

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